There is no doubt that GPS spoofing is being carried out in regions of the middle east and in other territories involved in conflicts. There are some asset owners making modifications to their current set up away from GPS .... an example is below. Also, companies such as ...

There is lots of news of spoofing and jamming of GPS signals over the Middle east Electronic Warfare Confounds Civilian Pilots, Far From Any Battlefield - The New York Times (nytimes.com) Is there any method for ensuring genuineness of a GPS signal #Aerospace ...

Muhammad, It is not common in my experience that line monitoring components are used in Digital Output loops, to qualify that, I only say is is not common because in my 40+ years in the Process Industry (35 specifically in SIS design), I have never seen them used. I agree ...

Good Morning, The answer is very simple The Digital out put wire should be covered with proper line Monitoring Resistance that will tell to the Control system about the healthy condition of the wire and whether it breaks or is properly connected with the system if the wire ...

Hello All, This is Eshwar Surnar and I am Very Exited to join the ISA Community. I am currently working as a Senior OT/ICS Security Architect in Japan, where I leverage my extensive expertise in OT systems and Industrial Automation to offer innovative solutions ...